Here is a little spice that comes from South-West India.
But did you know that it was the Portuguese who imported the first peppercorns into Europe.
Le Comptoir de Toamasina is the specialist in the online sale of very high quality black peppercorns.
Peppers , such as black pepper and spices, have a long shared history.
- To know the history of pepper you have to understand the conquest of spices
Spices have a long history that has shaped the world and the discovery of the great maritime routes
It is necessary to go to Mesopotamia is the conquest of cloves in 1700 BC where the first writings on spices and the beginnings of trade were found.
Egypt continued the discovery with its pharaohs, via the ports located on the Red Sea, because it had relations with present-day India. This is where the first grains of pepper, cardamom and cinnamon arrive.
The Romans subsequently developed the roads opened by the Egyptians and continued trade.
Alexandria is the junction point between the East and the West . It quickly became a major hub for the exchange and trade of spices, including black pepper.
You should know that spices had a value at the time comparable to gold . Traders organized and spread the scarcity of spices .
- Muslim traders of spices to doges
In the Middle Ages , we find the Ottoman Empire and Muslim traders who controlled the spice trade between India and the Mediterranean.
Kozhikode in India was considered the world capital of spices and Comptoir des Poivres .
Zhang He, a great Chinese explorer , wet his ink many times in the port of Kozhikode in India .
Within the Western world, the wealth of commerce was in the city of Venice, city of the Doges .
- For 100 years, Portugal controlled all the world's maritime routes, including the most prestigious India and its Malabar coast.
Lisbon has become the richest capital in the world . And Portugal's expansion did not stop there, it conquered Brazil.
The war between the city of the Doges and the Ottoman Empire for control of the Mediterranean led to an explosion in prices.
Venice was the largest trading center in Europe and a true maritime power.
The war was to avoid intermediaries and reduce the tastes for acquiring these luxury products.
The Adventure of Portugal - A small country that shaped our current maritime routes
The Portuguese set out in search of a direct route to India. This was the objective of Vasco da Gama in 1497, when he failed to reach the Indies by the Atlantic. Bartolomeu Dias was the first to discover the Cape of Good Hope and Vasco da Gama passed him to arrive in India.
Holland : a country of navigators, did not appreciate the Portuguese monopoly and sent Mandragora (Dutch ships) to conquer India. The Dutch chased the Portuguese out of part of India and their Indian trading posts. The Dutch will also consolidate their presence in Indonesia and the regions supplying spices such as nutmeg, cloves and black pepper. To organize the new trade, Holland created the Dutch East India Company in 1602 with private capital. It was considered one of the most powerful companies of young capitalism in the 17th century. To install it, Holland founded Jakarta or Batavia. After the golden age of the Dutch, England and France engaged in a war for control of the World and spices. France created the French East India Company and the English the English East India Company. We had to wait until the 19th century and the stabilization of empires to see the price of spices and black pepper fall .
Good to know about black pepper and an expression you pay in cash?
- The expression "pay in cash " comes to us from the 15th century. At the time, spices were used as a means of payment, especially pepper. Because this spice was so rare that it was worth Gold. You should know that it was the Portuguese who had the pepper monopoly. And its name is Pimenta do Reino. These rare and precious commodities were used as currency in transactions. Spices were therefore a currency.